Linking words and possessive

 Linking words and possessive

Linking words and possessive

Linking Words: 

In this part, we will discuss about connectors. Now, let’s read the passage below and try to understand the connectors.  

 

Social Networking 

Social networking sites are a part of everyday life and they have brought revolutionary changes in the communication between people. These sites provide different resources such as email and instant messages. Arability of these resources make communication easier and faster. When we look at the impacts of social networking sites, we find that they have both positive and negative effects. Because of this fact, it is necessary to analyze both advantages and disadvantages for social networking sites.  

Undoubtedly, social networking sites are helpful to young generations. With the help of these sites, people can communicate and express themselves by exchanging messages and comments. Social networking sites help connect people, friends and relatives. These sites can be accessed from any part of the world. Therefore, a person can communicate with another person from any place. However, we can clearly say that social networking sites are useful only if they are used wisely. So, we should use social networking sites positively.  

 

Let's try to describe the connectors: 

Sentence Connectors are used to express relationship between ideas and to combine sentences.  

There are various types of connectors. Let's try to look at them more closely. We can divide them into:  

Coordinating Conjunctions: 

They connect words, phrases and clauses. They are usually found in the middle of a sentence.  

Example: 

He went to school and attended the classes.  

He is a meritorious boy but his brother is dull.  

List of coordinating conjunctions: 

For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.  

Correlative Conjunctions: 

They connect equal sentence elements together (like two nouns) and are always composed of two words.  

List of correlative conjunctions.:  

Both...and 

Not only.....but also 

Not......but 

Either...or 

Neither.......not 

Whether......or 

As........as 

Example: 

She is not only a good student but also a social worker. 

The book is neither interesting nor practical. 

Subordinating Conjunctions: 

They connect a dependent clause and an independent clause and establish a relationship between them. They are used at the beginning of a sentence (with a comma in the middle separating the clauses) or in the middle of a sentence with no comma.  

List of subordinating conjunctions:  

after if   though   although if only             till 

As in order that     unless as if now that     until 

As long as     once     when as though      rather     than     whenever   because     since          where              before so that whereas         even if      than      wherever  

Even though      that while 

 

Example: 

If it rains, they will not play. 

Wait here until she comes back 

List of linking adverbs and transition words:  

They connect two independent clauses or sentence. They provide transition between ideas. 

Accordingly however nonetheless also indeed otherwise besides instead similarly consequently likewise still conversely meanwhile subsequently finally  moreover then  furthermore nevertheless therefore hence   next thuse 

 

Introduction to Possessiveness: 

Here are some examples of possessive nouns: 

• Brother's property 

• Rahim's car 

• Uncle's car 

• A hard day’s work 

The possessives are formed by adding an apostrophe and an ‘s’. The words father, mother, teacher are nouns. We can transform these nouns into their possessive forms.  

 

Possessive of plural:  

Most plural nouns already end in ‘s’. To create their possessive, simply add an apostrophe after the ‘s’. Example: 

• The lion’s usual source of water has dried up 

• Man's ambition increases with income 

• Babies' clothes are sold at the other corner. 

We need to add an apostrophe followed by an ‘s’ to create the possessive form of the nouns that have irregular plural forms. Example: 

• She plans on opening a women’s clothing shop. 

• Children's park are best places for a family picnic. 

• The geese’s food is eaten by some other birds. 

 

Possessives and Compound Constructions:  

Usually, the apostrophe-s is simply added to the end of the compound structure, e.g. My daughter-in=law’s car and friend of mine’s car etc. 

If this sound clumsy, one may use ‘of’ to avoid the apostrophe: The car of a friend of mine, etc. 

 

 Some more Possessives: 

Possessive Adjective: 

• That's our house. My car is very old. 

• Her mother is a doctor. 

• How old is your sister? 

• He's broken his arm. 

• She's washing her hair 

• I need to clean my teeth. 

As you have seen in sentence above, possessive adjectives – my, your, his, her, it’s our, your, their – modify the nouns following them in order to show possession.  

We use possessive adjectives to show something belongs to somebody, for relations and friends and for parts of the body.  

Possessive adjectives are often confused with possessive pronouns. (However, possessive adjectives are different from possessive pronouns.)  look at the example below how possessive adjectives are different from possessive pronouns.  * This is your book (possessive adjective) and this is mine (Possessive           pronouns) 

• Its color is beautiful. (Possessive adjective) 

• Their car is in their garage (possessive adjective) 

Caution: many students use its and it’s confusingly. It’s, they’re and there are not possessive adjectives- it is a contraction of it is or it has; they’re is a contraction of they are; but there is an adverb of place.  

Example: 

It’s not my book= It is not my book 

My house is big. It's got five bedrooms=It has got five bedrooms. 

Nancy and Alam are from Jhalkathi. They're my friends = they are my friends.  

Please put the chair there. (adverb) 

 

Possessive Pronouns: 

yours

mine

theirs

ours

Hers

his

its

  

Look at the possessive below. Write them in the correct cell in the table.  

subject	object	Possessive adjective	Possessive pronouns
I	Me	my
you	you	your
He	him	his
She	her	Her
It	it	its
we	us	our
they	them	their

 

We use possessive pronoun instead of a noun phrase. Look at the examples below: 

Question	Answer
Is that jala’s car?	No, it’s mine (not my car)
Whose coat is this?	It is his. (not his coat)

 

We also use possessive pronouns after of. We can say: 

Khoka is one of my friends = Khoka is a friend of mine.  

But we cannot say that Khoka is a friend of me.  

The words mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs are possessive pronouns. 

They show who or what something belongs to. 

We use possessive pronouns depending on: 

• Number: singular (e.g. mine) or plural (e.g., Ours) 

• Person: 1st person (e.g., mine), 2nd person (e.g., yours) or 3rd person (eg: his)  

• Gender: male (his), female (hers) 

Possessive pronouns generally do not use an apostrophe to indicate possession. This rule also applies to the possession from of it, which is its. 

Example: 

Do you see that woman over there? Her daughter is very clever. 

He was late for work because his car did not start this morning. 

Is that your house? No, ours is the one next to the shop.  

Virtue is its own reward.